The+Early+Years

**Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO.** **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** **[|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO]** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**

In the early years of the Cold War the United States was interested not only in containing the threat of Soviet expansion but also in expanding its own foreign policy—and economic influence—particularly in Western Europe. The Marshall Plan, named after Pres. Truman’s Secretary of State, George C. Marshall, offered $13 billion in aid to western and southern Europe to help revive the war-torn economies of Europe. The Plan helped the nations of Europe rebuild. || || The Berlin airlift was a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin, Germany during 1948 and 1949 by British and U.S. forces in around-the-clock missions. The airlift was both an important incident of the cold war and the most extraordinary peacetime military operation in history. || The Berlin airlift was a massive transfer of essential supplies flown into Berlin, Germany during 1948 and 1949 by British and U.S. forces in around-the-clock missions. The airlift was both an important incident of the cold war and the most extraordinary peacetime military operation in history. || || The phrase red scare refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the United States twice during the 20th century. It was a response to the Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe. Attention focused on Americans who belonged to the US Communist Party because people feared that the members might spy for Russia. || || ||
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg width="299" height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**
 * -Establish in the aftermath of World War 2**
 * -Has served as a "watchdog" for more than 50 years**
 * -It was originally supposed to promote peace between nations** ||
 * **CONTAINMENT**
 * -Containment is a policy that was first implemented by the United States in 1947 in response to communism. It was to prevent communism through political, economic, and diplomatic methods.** ||  || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg width="281" height="218" align="center" caption="George Kenean"]] ||
 * George Kenean ||  ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**
 * -On March 12, 1947 a message was sent to congress, President Truman laid out a foreign policy plan for the early days in the cold war that became known as the Truman Doctrine. It promised aid to people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedom. ** ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg width="344" height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg width="262" height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC**
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA**
 * Sept. 1949 the Communitst defeated the anticommunists Nationalists in a civil war in China. Nationalists were supported by US. Nationalists government led by Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan when the Communists took over headed by Mao Zedong. Americans were shocked at the Communist takeover and viewed it as a Communist plot to take over the world. poop (: **
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif width="221" height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR**

ARMY-MCCARTHY HEARINGS: **McCarthy accused the US Army of “coddling Communists”. The Army spokesmen then charged McCarthy’s staff with improper conduct. McCarthy responded with unfounded charges against a young lawyer representing the Army. Americans watching the proceedings were shocked by McCarthy’s conduct. The Senate censured (condemned) McCarthy’s conduct and he faded from public view.** || ||
 * No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM**
 * Joseph McCarthy was a Republican senator from Wisconsin. He used the Korean War to fuel Americans’ fears of communism. McCarthy fueled fear of communism by claiming to have a list of 205 State Department officials who belonged to the Communist Party. That claim launched a “HUNT” that wrecked the careers of thousands of people. McCarthyism became known to stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens. **
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg width="201" height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] ||